Chemical Reaction Engineering Notes Books

Posted on March 20th, 2008

Aim of CRE – Chemical Reaction Engineering Course: Fundamentals of Chemical Kinetics, Catalysis and Chemical Reactors. Contents

1 – Chemical Kinetics

Classification of chemical reactions. Fundamentals of chemical kinetics and reaction mechanisms (overview). Chemical processes and catalysis: homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis.

2 – Heterogeneous Catalysis

Definition of basic concepts and historical landmarks. Activity, selectivity and stability of catalysts. General mechanism of catalytic reactions. Chemisorption and Langmuir’s equation. Kinetics and mechanisms of heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Catalyst types and activity correlations: metals, non-stoichiometric oxides and acids. Bi- functional catalysts. Zeolites and shape selectivity. Components of a catalyst: supports, active phases and promoters. Methods of preparation. Deactivation mechanisms and catalysts regeneration.

3 – Introduction to Chemical Reactors: Ideal Models

Classification of chemical reactors. Material balances. Ideal models: the batch reactor, the plug flow reactor and the stirred tank reactor. Design of chemical reactors. Kinetic analysis of experimental data. Reactor associations.

4 – Examples of Catalytic Processes

Detailed study of some selected catalytic processes, emphasizing the relationships between process chemistry and engineering.

Reference Books for Chemical Reaction Engineering Course

• Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, H.S. Fogler, 3rd edition, Prentice-Hall, 1999.
• Chemical Reaction Engineering, O. Levenspiel, 3rd edition, John Wiley, 1999.
• Chemistry of Catalytic Processes, B.C.Gates, J.R.Katzer, G.C.A.Schuit, McGraw-Hill, 1979.

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Introduction to Chemical Engineering Syllabus Lecture Notes

Posted on March 18th, 2008

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Syllabus Lecture Notes:

• The concepts of process units as building blocks of chemical processes. Examples of process units and chemical processes.
• The concept of Synthesis and Analysis of Chemical Processes.
• Use of Mass and Energy Conservation principles to solve material and energy balances over chemical processes in the absence and in the presence of chemical reactions. Perspective of these problems by general analysis of variables and equations.

Course Syllabus:

• Introduction – Fundamentals of Unit Operations, Process Units and Chemical Processes. Examples.
• Chemical Processes – Phases of development: Synthesis and Analysis of Chemical Processes.
• Material Balances in the absence and in the presence of chemical reactions. General analysis of variables and equations. Material balances for systems of process units.
• Energy balances in the absence and in the presence of chemical reactions. Forms of Energy and the first law of thermodynamics. Physical and chemical thermodynamic properties.
• Material and Energy balances. Simultaneous resolution of material and energy balances. The Adiabatic Flash Vaporization problem. Psychrometry. Using the Psychrometric chart (air-water system) to solve material and energy balances.

Books on Introduction to Chemical Engineering

- Myers, Alan L.; Introduction to Chemical Engineering and Computer Calculations . ISBN: 0- 13-479238-6 Complementary Bibliography
- Felder, Richard M.; Elementary principles of chemical processes . ISBN: 0-471-53478-1

- D. M. Himmelblau, J. R. Riggs; Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering , Prentice Hall International Series , 2004 . ISBN: 0-13-123368-8

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Advanced Chemical Thermodynamics Syllabus Lecture Notes

Posted on March 18th, 2008

Advanced Chemical thermodynamics Syllabus Lecture Notes: – Introduce students to the theory and applications of solution thermodynamics and chemical reaction equilibria. Detailed study of phase equilibria, in particular, vapour-liquid equilibria.

1. An Introduction to Vapour-Liquid Equilibria

Qualitative behaviour of the vapour-liquid equilibria (VLE). Simple models for vapour- liquid equilibria:Raoult’s and Henry´s laws. Dewpoint and bubblepoint calculations. VLE by modified Raoult´s law and K-value correlations. Flash calculations.

2. Solution Thermodynamics: Theory

Fundamental property relation. The chemical potential and phase equilibria. Partial properties. Equations relating molar and partial molar properties. Partial properties in binary solutions. Relations among partial properties. Ideal gas mixtures. Fugacity and fugacity coefficient for pure species. VLE for pure species. Fugacity of a pure liquid. Fugacity and fugacity coefficient for species in solution. The fundamental residual property relation. Fugacity coefficients from the virial equation of state and generalized correlations. The ideal solution: the Lewis/Randall rule. Excess properties. The excess Gibbs energy and the activity coefficient. The nature of excess properties.

3. Solution Thermodynamics: Applications

Liquid phase properties from VLE data. Fugacity. Activity coefficient. Excess Gibbs energy. Data reduction.Thermodynamic consistency. Models for the excess Gibbs energy. Local composition models. Property changes of mixing. Heat effects of mixing processes. Heats of solution. Enthalpy-Concentration diagrams.

4. Chemical Reaction Equilibria

The reaction coordinate. Multireaction stoichiometry. Application of equlibrium criteria to chemical reactions. The standard Gibbs energy change and equilibrium constant. Effect of temperature on the equilibrium constant. Evaluation of equilibrium constants. Relation of equilibrium constants to composition. Gas-phase and liquid-phase reactions. Equilibrium conversions for single reactions. Single phase reactions. Reactions in heterogeneous systems. Multireaction equilibria. Fuel cells.

5. Topics in Phase Equilibria

The gamma/phi formulation of VLE. VLE from cubic equations of state. Equilibrium and stability. Liquid-liquid equilibrium. Vapour-liquid-liquid equilibrium. Solid-liquid equilibrium. Osmotic equilibrium and osmotic pressure.

Books on Advanced Chemical thermodynamics

- Smith, J. M.; Introduction to chemical engineering thermodynamics . ISBN: 0-07-240296-2 Complementary Bibliography
- Prausnitz, John M.; Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid-Phase Equilibria . ISBN: 0-13- 977745-8

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Fluid Mechanics for Chemical Engineering

Posted on March 18th, 2008

Fluid Mechanics – Study of the fundamentals of fluid flow. Application to pipe flow and flow over immersed bodies.


1-Introduction and basic considerations

Some characteristics of fluids. Analysis of fluid behavior. Viscosity.

2-Fluid statics

Pressure at a point. Basic equation for pressure field. Manometry. Hydrostatic on a plane surface and on a curved surface. Pressure variation in a fluid with rigid body motion.

3- Fluid Kinematics

Velocity field- Eurelian and Lagrangian descriptions. Steady and unsteady flows. Streamlines, streaklines and pathlines. Accelaration field- Material derivative. Streamline coordinates

4-The Bernoulli Equation

The Bernoulli equation along a streamline. Physical interpretation. Free jets, confined flows and flowrate measurements.

5- Finite Control Volume Analysis

The Reynolds Transport Theorem. Conservation of mass- the continuity equation. Energy equation. Linear momentum equation. Examples of application.

6- Similitude, Dimensional Analysis, and Modeling.

Dimensional Analysis. Buckingham Pi Theorem. Common dimensionless groups in fluid mechanics. Modeling and similitude. Application to flow through closed conduits and flow around immersed bodies.

7- Viscous Flow in Pipes

Laminar and Turbulent flows. Poiseuille equation. Laminar flow between concentric tubes and along a wetted column. Fully turbulent flow, description and velocity profile.

8- Pipe Flow

The Moody chart. Minor losses and noncircular conduits. Single pipes and multiple pipe systems. Pipe flowrate measurements.

9- Flow Over Immersed Bodies

Boundary layer over a flat plate. Drag and lift forces. Terminal velocity of a sphere.

Reference Books on Fluid Mechanics

- Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics Bruce R.Munson, Donald F.Young, Theodore H. Okiishi, 4ª ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2002

- Mechanics of Fluids Merle C. Potter and David C. Wiggert Brooks/Cole, Thomson Learning, 2002

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Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Syllabus Books

Posted on March 15th, 2008

Aim of Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Course

Present the laws of thermodynamics, showing their application to the study of thermal effects in chemical processes and the analysis of power cycles. Study and evaluate the thermodynamic properties of pure fluids.

Contents for Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

• Fundamental Concepts In Thermodynamics: heat and work.
• The First Law Of Thermodynamics: Joule’s experiment. Internal energy. Statement of the first law of thermodynamics. State functions. Enthalpy. Steady-State steady-flow processes. Equilibrium and the phase rule.Reversible processes. Processes at constant volume and constant pressure. Heat capacities.
• Volumetric Properties Of Pure Fluids: P-V-T diagrams. Ideal gas. Virial equation and its applications. Cubic equations of state. Generalized correlations for gases and liquids.
• Thermal Effects: Sensible heat and latent heat. Standard heat of formation, heat of reaction and heat of combustion. Effect of the temperature on the heat of reaction.
• The Second Law Of Thermodynamics: Statement of the second law. Heat engines. Carnot cycle. Thermodynamic scale of temperatures. Entropy. The third law of thermodynamics.
• Thermodynamic Properties Of Pure Fluids: Maxwell’s equations. Helmholtz and Gibbs functions. Residual properties. Two-Phase systems. Tables and diagrams of thermodynamic properties of gases and liquids.
• Cycles For Conversion Of Heat Into Power.
• Refrigeration And Liquefaction.
• Thermodynamic Analysis Of Processes.

Recommended Books on Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

- Smith, J.M.; Van Ness, H.C.; Abbott, M.M.; “Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics“, 6th edition, McGraw-Hill, Singapore, 2001. (ISBN 0-07-118957-2)
- Çengel, Y.A.; Boles, M.A.; “Thermodynamics – An Engineering Approach“, 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1998. (ISBN 0-07-115247-4)

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